Risk of Deaths, AIDS-Defining and Non-AIDS Defining Events among Ghanaians on Long-Term Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
Identifieur interne : 000439 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000438; suivant : 000440Risk of Deaths, AIDS-Defining and Non-AIDS Defining Events among Ghanaians on Long-Term Combination Antiretroviral Therapy
Auteurs : Fred Stephen Sarfo [Ghana] ; Maame Anima Sarfo [Ghana] ; Betty Norman [Ghana] ; Richard Phillips [Ghana] ; George Bedu-Addo [Ghana] ; David Chadwick [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- PLoS ONE [ 1932-6203 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Antirétroviraux (usage thérapeutique), Diarrhée (), Estimation de Kaplan-Meier, Facteurs de risque, Femelle, Ghana (épidémiologie), Humains, Infections à VIH (mortalité), Infections à VIH (traitement médicamenteux), Jeune adulte, Modèles de hasards proportionnels, Mâle, Résultat thérapeutique, Stavudine (usage thérapeutique), Sujet âgé, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (mortalité), Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (traitement médicamenteux), Tuberculose pulmonaire (), Études de cohortes.
- MESH :
- mortalité : Infections à VIH, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise.
- traitement médicamenteux : Infections à VIH, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise.
- usage thérapeutique : Antirétroviraux, Stavudine.
- épidémiologie : Ghana.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Diarrhée, Estimation de Kaplan-Meier, Facteurs de risque, Femelle, Humains, Jeune adulte, Modèles de hasards proportionnels, Mâle, Résultat thérapeutique, Sujet âgé, Tuberculose pulmonaire, Études de cohortes.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Ghana.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (drug therapy), Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (mortality), Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anti-Retroviral Agents (therapeutic use), Cohort Studies, Diarrhea (complications), Female, Ghana (epidemiology), HIV Infections (drug therapy), HIV Infections (mortality), Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Factors, Stavudine (therapeutic use), Treatment Outcome, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary (complications), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , therapeutic use : Anti-Retroviral Agents, Stavudine.
- geographic , epidemiology : Ghana.
- complications : Diarrhea, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary.
- drug therapy : Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, HIV Infections.
- mortality : Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, HIV Infections.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Male, Middle Aged, Proportional Hazards Models, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult.
Abstract
Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been widely available in Ghana since 2004. The aim of this cohort study was to assess the incidences of death, AIDS-defining events and non-AIDS defining events and associated risk factors amongst patients initiating cART in a large treatment centre. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from clinic and hospital case notes for patients initiating cART between 2004 and 2010 and clinical events graded according to recognised definitions for AIDS, non-AIDS events (NADE) and death, with additional events not included in such definitions such as malaria also included. The cumulative incidence of events was calculated using Kaplan Meier analysis, and association of risk factors with events by Cox proportional hazards regression. Data were closed for analysis on 31st December, 2011 after a median follow-up of 30 months (range, 0–90 months). Amongst 4,039 patients starting cART at a median CD4 count of 133 cells/mm3, there were 324 (8%) confirmed deaths, with an event rate of 28.83 (95% CI 25.78–32.15) deaths per 1000-person follow-up years; the commonest established causes were pulmonary TB and gastroenteritis. There were 681 AIDS-defining events (60.60 [56.14–65.33] per 1000 person years) with pulmonary TB and chronic diarrhoea being the most frequent causes. Forty-one NADEs were recorded (3.64 [2.61–4.95] per 1000 person years), of which hepatic and cardiovascular events were most common. Other common events recorded outside these definitions included malaria (746 events) and respiratory tract infections (666 events). Overall 24% of patients were lost-to-follow-up. Alongside expected risk factors, stavudine use was associated with AIDS [adjusted HR of 1.08 (0.90–1.30)] and death (adjusted HR of 1.60 [1.21–2.11]). Whilst frequency of AIDS and deaths in this cohort were similar to those described in other sub-Saharan African cohorts, rates of NADEs were lower and far exceeded by events such as malaria and respiratory tract infections.
Url:
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111400
PubMed: 25340766
PubMed Central: 4207829
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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David" sort="Chadwick, David" uniqKey="Chadwick D" first="David" last="Chadwick">David Chadwick</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><addr-line>The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom</addr-line></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>The James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Middlesbrough</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">PLoS ONE</title><idno type="eISSN">1932-6203</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (drug therapy)</term><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (mortality)</term><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Anti-Retroviral Agents (therapeutic use)</term><term>Cohort Studies</term><term>Diarrhea (complications)</term><term>Female</term><term>Ghana (epidemiology)</term><term>HIV Infections (drug therapy)</term><term>HIV Infections (mortality)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Proportional Hazards Models</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Stavudine (therapeutic use)</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term><term>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary (complications)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Antirétroviraux (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Diarrhée ()</term><term>Estimation de Kaplan-Meier</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Ghana (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Infections à VIH (mortalité)</term><term>Infections à VIH (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Modèles de hasards proportionnels</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Stavudine (usage thérapeutique)</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (mortalité)</term><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Tuberculose pulmonaire ()</term><term>Études de cohortes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="therapeutic use" xml:lang="en"><term>Anti-Retroviral Agents</term><term>Stavudine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Ghana</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="complications" xml:lang="en"><term>Diarrhea</term><term>Tuberculosis, Pulmonary</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome</term><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortality" xml:lang="en"><term>Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome</term><term>HIV Infections</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="mortalité" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Infections à VIH</term><term>Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="usage thérapeutique" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antirétroviraux</term><term>Stavudine</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ghana</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Cohort Studies</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Proportional Hazards Models</term><term>Risk Factors</term><term>Treatment Outcome</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Diarrhée</term><term>Estimation de Kaplan-Meier</term><term>Facteurs de risque</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Modèles de hasards proportionnels</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Résultat thérapeutique</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Tuberculose pulmonaire</term><term>Études de cohortes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ghana</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been widely available in Ghana since 2004. The aim of this cohort study was to assess the incidences of death, AIDS-defining events and non-AIDS defining events and associated risk factors amongst patients initiating cART in a large treatment centre. Clinical and laboratory data were extracted from clinic and hospital case notes for patients initiating cART between 2004 and 2010 and clinical events graded according to recognised definitions for AIDS, non-AIDS events (NADE) and death, with additional events not included in such definitions such as malaria also included. The cumulative incidence of events was calculated using Kaplan Meier analysis, and association of risk factors with events by Cox proportional hazards regression. Data were closed for analysis on 31<sup>st</sup> December, 2011 after a median follow-up of 30 months (range, 0–90 months). Amongst 4,039 patients starting cART at a median CD4 count of 133 cells/mm<sup>3</sup>, there were 324 (8%) confirmed deaths, with an event rate of 28.83 (95% CI 25.78–32.15) deaths per 1000-person follow-up years; the commonest established causes were pulmonary TB and gastroenteritis. There were 681 AIDS-defining events (60.60 [56.14–65.33] per 1000 person years) with pulmonary TB and chronic diarrhoea being the most frequent causes. Forty-one NADEs were recorded (3.64 [2.61–4.95] per 1000 person years), of which hepatic and cardiovascular events were most common. Other common events recorded outside these definitions included malaria (746 events) and respiratory tract infections (666 events). Overall 24% of patients were lost-to-follow-up. Alongside expected risk factors, stavudine use was associated with AIDS [adjusted HR of 1.08 (0.90–1.30)] and death (adjusted HR of 1.60 [1.21–2.11]). Whilst frequency of AIDS and deaths in this cohort were similar to those described in other sub-Saharan African cohorts, rates of NADEs were lower and far exceeded by events such as malaria and respiratory tract infections.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Akileswaran, C" uniqKey="Akileswaran C">C Akileswaran</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lurie, Mn" uniqKey="Lurie M">MN Lurie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Flanigan, Tp" uniqKey="Flanigan T">TP Flanigan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mayer, Kh" uniqKey="Mayer K">KH Mayer</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Braistein, P" uniqKey="Braistein P">P Braistein</name></author><author><name sortKey="Brinkhof, Mw" uniqKey="Brinkhof M">MW Brinkhof</name></author><author><name sortKey="Dabis, F" uniqKey="Dabis F">F Dabis</name></author><author><name 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uniqKey="Neuhaus J">J Neuhaus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Angus, B" uniqKey="Angus B">B Angus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kowalska, Jd" uniqKey="Kowalska J">JD Kowalska</name></author><author><name sortKey="La Rosa, A" uniqKey="La Rosa A">A La Rosa</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sampson, J" uniqKey="Sampson J">J Sampson</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sarfo, Fs" uniqKey="Sarfo F">FS Sarfo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Keegan, R" uniqKey="Keegan R">R Keegan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Appiah, L" uniqKey="Appiah L">L Appiah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Shakoor, S" uniqKey="Shakoor S">S Shakoor</name></author><author><name sortKey="Phillips, R" uniqKey="Phillips R">R Phillips</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Reid, A" uniqKey="Reid A">A Reid</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stohr, W" uniqKey="Stohr W">W Stöhr</name></author><author><name sortKey="Sarah Walker, A" uniqKey="Sarah Walker A">A Sarah Walker</name></author><author><name sortKey="Williams, Ig" uniqKey="Williams I">IG Williams</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kityo, C" uniqKey="Kityo C">C Kityo</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Ghana</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li></country></list><tree><country name="Ghana"><noRegion><name sortKey="Sarfo, Fred Stephen" sort="Sarfo, Fred Stephen" uniqKey="Sarfo F" first="Fred Stephen" last="Sarfo">Fred Stephen Sarfo</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Bedu Addo, George" sort="Bedu Addo, George" uniqKey="Bedu Addo G" first="George" last="Bedu-Addo">George Bedu-Addo</name><name sortKey="Bedu Addo, George" sort="Bedu Addo, George" uniqKey="Bedu Addo G" first="George" last="Bedu-Addo">George Bedu-Addo</name><name sortKey="Norman, Betty" sort="Norman, Betty" uniqKey="Norman B" first="Betty" last="Norman">Betty Norman</name><name sortKey="Phillips, Richard" sort="Phillips, Richard" uniqKey="Phillips R" first="Richard" last="Phillips">Richard Phillips</name><name sortKey="Phillips, Richard" sort="Phillips, Richard" uniqKey="Phillips R" first="Richard" last="Phillips">Richard Phillips</name><name sortKey="Sarfo, Fred Stephen" sort="Sarfo, Fred Stephen" uniqKey="Sarfo F" first="Fred Stephen" last="Sarfo">Fred Stephen Sarfo</name><name sortKey="Sarfo, Maame Anima" sort="Sarfo, Maame Anima" uniqKey="Sarfo M" first="Maame Anima" last="Sarfo">Maame Anima Sarfo</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Chadwick, David" sort="Chadwick, David" uniqKey="Chadwick D" first="David" last="Chadwick">David Chadwick</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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